Medical Practitioners in Medieval Europe: Physicians Surgeons Apothecaries and Midwives
Medieval European healthcare was delivered by overlapping practitioners: university-trained physicians, surgeons, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives…
History of Doctors and the Medical Profession
The history of doctors is the history of a role that changed from diverse healer, priest, scholar, craft practitioner, or court servant into a regulated…
History of Medicine: A Global Timeline from Prehistory to Today
The history of medicine is not a straight march from superstition to science. It is the global history of how people explained illness, cared for one…
Pharmacy and Pharmacology in the Medieval Islamic World
Pharmacy in the medieval Islamic world developed through urban drug markets, hospitals, formularies, pharmacological writing, trade, and sometimes…
The History of Medication and Pharmacy: From Materia Medica to Modern Drugs
The history of medication and pharmacy begins with people selecting and preparing substances for healing, then develops through materia medica, specialist…
Remedies in Medieval Europe: Materia Medica and Beliefs
Medieval European remedies included diet, regimen, plant and mineral preparations, animal substances, compound drugs, prayer, charms, bloodletting…
Medieval Medicine: Europe Byzantium and the Islamic World
Medieval medicine was a connected but unequal world of household care, religious healing, learned texts, hospitals, courts, markets, and emerging…
Medical Ethics in Medieval Arabic Medicine: Duties, Conduct, and Care
How medieval Arabic medical writers discussed competence, conduct, confidentiality, fees, patient welfare, and the ideal physician.
Medicine in the Medieval Islamic World: Hospitals, Physicians, and Ideas
A nuanced history of medicine in the medieval Islamic world, including translation, hospitals, pharmacy, physicians, and cross-cultural transmission.